Finland

Fact Sheet :

- Area : 337,030 sq km

- Population : 5,238,460 (July 2007 est.)

- Capital : Helsinki

- Languages : Finnish 93.4% (official), Swedish 5.9% (official),

- Currency: euro (EUR)

- Government type : republic

- Elements of History :

Finland was a province and then a grand duchy under Sweden from the 12th to the 19th centuries and an autonomous grand duchy of Russia after 1809. It finally won its complete independence in 1917. During World War II, it was able to successfully defend its freedom and resist invasions by the Soviet Union - albeit with some loss of territory. In the subsequent half century, the Finns made a remarkable transformation from a farm/forest economy to a diversified modern industrial economy;

per capita income is now on par with Western Europe. As a member of the European Union, Finland was the only Nordic state to join the euro system at its initiation in January 1999.

- Climate :

cold temperate; potentially subarctic, but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes